Binary Phase Shift Keying

Represent 0 and 1 using 0° and 180° phases

Real-World Applications

C/A code signals sent by GPS satellites are based on BPSK. Deep space exploration (like Voyager) and the lowest rate mode of 802.11b WiFi (1/2Mbps) also use BPSK because it is most robust at low SNR.

Experiment Steps

1. Phase Reversal: Phase jumps 180° when bit changes
2. Constellation: Two points symmetric on real axis

Simulation Experiment

Functions: models.phy.generateQAMConstellation(), models.phy.qamModulate(), models.phy.bpskModulate()