Antenna Directivity Effect

Study the effect of antenna direction on received power. Rotate transmitter antenna to observe polarization changes.

Real-World Applications

Antenna Polarization Alignment: Satellite communications widely use circular polarization (CP) because satellite attitude rolls or rotates, and the ionosphere causes polarization rotation (Faraday effect). Ground microwave and 5G macro stations (XPIC) use V/H orthogonal polarization to transmit two data streams at the same frequency, requiring extremely high antenna alignment accuracy.

Experiment Steps

Polarization Matching: Max received power when Tx/Rx polarization aligned
Cross Polarization: Power drops significantly when orthogonal (XPD)

Simulation Experiment

Antenna Orientation

real V-V

real H-H

real H-V

real V-H

imag V-V

imag H-H

imag H-V

imag V-H

Co-Pol Power

100.0%

Cross-Pol Power

0.0%

XPD (Cross-Pol Discrimination)

30.0 dB

Principles: Linear Polarization: Rotation causes amplitude oscillation (Real/Imag). This is the root cause of power decay.

Parameters(Real-time)

Tx Rotation0 °

Polarization (0=Linear, 1=Circular)0

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