Ground Reflection

Add deterministic ground reflection component, demonstrating 2-ray model and mmWave ground reflection.

Real-World Applications

Urban Canyon Reflection: In city streets with tall buildings, ground reflections superimpose with direct waves, creating significant interference patterns (constructive/destructive fading). Millimeter waves (28GHz, 60GHz) have very short wavelengths, making this interference effect more severe.

Experiment Steps

2-Ray Interference: Periodic deep fading caused by direct and reflected paths
Fresnel Zone: Fading interval varies with height and frequency

Simulation Experiment

Ground Reflection

Fading (Peaks/Troughs): LOS and reflected paths superimpose, causing constructive or destructive interference. Higher frequency (28GHz) means shorter wavelength and more frequent oscillations.

Break Point: Approximately 5600.0m. Beyond this distance, reflected path nearly anti-phase with LOS, causing power to decay as d⁻⁴.

Parameters(Real-time)

Carrier Freq28 GHz

BS Height10 m

UE Height1.5 m

Functions: models.channel.twoRayPathLoss()

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Spatial Consistency →